The proliferation of artificial intelligences forced Europe to lay a regulatory framework before algorithms transform the old continent into a huge experimental sandbox. After years of debate, ACT comes into force on February 2, and as much to say that certain algorithms will have to review their copy. In particular those who had fun guessing your judicial future or gauging your emotions in business.
ACT: The cleaver falls on the AI deemed unacceptable
The European Union no longer jokes with unbridled AI. As of this Sunday, some applications deemed at “unacceptable risk” are prohibited. Exit the social notation in Chinese, predictive police software that smell the criminals in the making, and emotional detectors who guess if an employee likes his job or if he is already thinking of placing an emoji.
There Facial recognition in real time In public space, which could have transformed the streets into a dystopian episode of Black Mirror, is also banished. The only exception: the police, which can use it in specific cases. Moreover, AI that exploits the vulnerabilities of people Or manipulate their decisions also fall under the cleaver.
Europe obviously wants to prevent a chatbot from persuading your grandmother to invest in an obscure crypto or that a speaking toy will convince a child to test the laws of gravity from his balcony.
And beware of offenders: companies that risk defying these prohibitions may be inflicted Fines reaching up to 35 million euros, or 7 % of their annual turnover. A recall bite that should dissuade the most reckless.
Europe and AI: between regulation and technological ambition
Europe, always anxious not to be technologically left, wants supervise the development of artificial intelligence without restraining innovation. ACT is therefore not content to ban, it also requires Transparency obligations Large models of AI, especially those who feed chatbots and image generators like Chatgpt, Gemini or the Cat.
From August 1, these systems will have to reveal their technical documentation And provide details on their learning bases.
“” While the European Commission subsidizes the development of AI throughout Europe except in France, the government has announced the creation of a public AI surveillance institute », Quips Carène Tardy on X.
A statement that illustrates the European dilemma well: how regulate AI without harming its competitiveness ? Some believe that the EU plays the gendarmes while the United States and China are advancing at full speed. Others see it as a way to avoid technological drifts before it is too late.
Regulations that are not unanimous
If theIA ACT is presented as The most ambitious legislation in the world In this area, its implementation promises to be progressive and strewn with pitfalls. Its complete application will not be effective until 2026, and by then, the disputes will not miss.
Several companies and member states consider certain excessive or difficult to apply bans.
- The first test of ACT will be political. On February 10, a hundred heads of state, including American and Chinese representatives, will meet in Paris for Summit for Action on AI. The opportunity to observe how the other major powers react to this new European regulation and if they plan to follow the example or to make fun of them.
Finally, a point makes teeth cringe: exemptions due to “national security”. Some states have managed to obtain passers to Use controversial AI under the cover of citizens' protection. Result: AI prohibited for the general public could very well be exploited by government agencies.
In addition to AI, Europe also tackles the web 4.0 and virtual worlds, just to put up safeguards before everything goes into a spin. Regulate before innovating: a well -established strategy which sometimes makes teeth cringe, but which allows the EU to keep hands on technological transitions. It remains to be seen if she will be able to impose her model on the rest of the world.
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